Ukushintshwa okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo: Ukuqinisekisa ukunikezwa kwamandla okuqhubekayo

An Ukushintshwa okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo (ATS)Ingxenye ebucayi ezinhlelweni zokuphathwa kwamandla, eklanyelwe ukushintshanisa ngokuzenzakalelayo umthwalo wamandla kusuka kumthombo wayo wamandla oyinhloko kumthombo wamandla wesipele lapho ubona ukwehluleka noma ukuphuma emthonjeni oyinhloko. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi ingaqhubeka ingaphazanyiswa, okwenza kube kubaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezibucayi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.

KanjaniShintsha okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayoSebenza

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-ATS ukuqapha ikhwalithi yamandla yamandla aphezulu ngokuqhubekayo. Lapho ama-ATS ethola i-anomaly efana nokuphuma kwamandla, ukwehla kwamandla kagesi, noma yiluphi olunye udaba olungathinta ukusebenza kwemishini exhunyiwe, kubangela ukushintshela komunye umthombo wamandla. Lo mthombo wesipele ungaba olunye umugqa wolwazi, i-generator, noma uhlelo lokusekelayo lwebhethri.

• Ukubona: Ama-AST ahlala aqapha amandla angenayo avela emthonjeni oyinhloko. Kubukeka sengathi amapharamitha athile anjenge-voltage, imvamisa, kanye nesigaba ukujikeleza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla angaphakathi kwemingcele eyamukelekayo.
• Isiphetho: Uma ama-ATS ethola inkinga ngomthombo wamandla oyinhloko (isib. Ukuphuma kwamandla, ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi), unquma ukushintshela kumthombo wamandla wesipele. Lesi sinqumo ngokuvamile senziwa ngaphakathi kwama-milliseconds ambalwa ukuqinisekisa ukuphazamiseka okuncane.
• Dlulisela: Ama-ATS abese enqamula umthwalo emthonjeni oyinhloko futhi ayixhumanise nomthombo wesipele. Lokhu kudluliswa kungavulwa (lapho umthwalo unqatshelwa isikhashana kuwo womabili imithombo) noma uvaliwe (lapho kwenzeka khona ukudluliselwa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kumandla).
• Buyisela emuva: Lapho ama-ATS ethola ukuthi umthombo wamandla oyinhloko uvusiwe futhi uzinzile, ucisha umthwalo ubuyela emthonjeni oyinhloko, uqinisekise ukuthi umthombo wesipele ulondolozwa ukusetshenziswa okuzayo.

Izinhlobo zokushintsha okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo         

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zeAts, ngakunye ukulungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene nezidingo:

• Vula inguquko: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu kuma-ATS, lapho ukushintshwa kusuka kumandla aphezulu kuya kuma-backup kufaka phakathi ukunqanyulwa okufushane komthwalo. Ilungele izinhlelo ezingezona ezibucayi lapho ukuphazamiseka okufushane okusemandleni kwamukeleka.
• Inguquko evaliwe: Kulolu hlobo, ama-ATS aqinisekisa ukuthi umthwalo uhlala uxhumekile kumandla ngesikhathi senqubo yokudlulisa. Lokhu kutholakala ngokuhambisana okwesikhashana imithombo eyisisekelo neyesipele, okwenza kube kuhle ngezicelo ezibucayi lapho ngisho nokuphazamiseka kwamandla okufushane kungamukeleki.
• Ushintsho oluthambile lomthwalo: Lolu hlobo lwama-ATS lubeka umthombo wamandla wesipele ngaphambi kokudlulisela umthwalo ukuze uqinisekise ukuguquka komthungo. Imvamisa isetshenziswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ngemishini ye-elekthronikhi ebucayi edinga ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okuzinzile.
• Ukwehlukaniswa kwe-bypass: Le ats ivumela ukugcinwa kwenziwe ku-switch ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukunikezwa kwamandla emthwalweni. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezikhungweni zedatha kanye nezibhedlela lapho amandla aqhubekayo abucayi.

Izicelo zokushintsha okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo

ATS isetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo, kufaka phakathi kepha kungagcini ku:

• Izikhungo zedatha: Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwamaseva kanye nenye ingqalasizinda ebucayi, ukuvimbela ukulahleka kwedatha kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula.
• Izibhedlela: Ukuze ulondoloze amandla emishini esindisa impilo nezinhlelo, uqinisekise ukuphepha kweziguli.
• Izikhungo zezimboni: Ukugcina ukukhiqiza izinqubo zisebenza kahle ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
• Izakhiwo Zentengiso: Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwebhizinisi kungaqhubeka ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
• Izakhiwo zokuhlala: Ukuhlinzeka ngamandla wesipele ngesikhathi sokuphuma, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezithambekele ezimweni zezulu ezinzima.

Izinzuzo zokushintsha okuzenzakalelayo kokudluliselwa

Ukushintshwa okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo (ASS) kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi ezibenza zibe zibalulekile kwizicelo ezahlukahlukene lapho ukunikezwa kwamandla okuqhubekayo kubucayi. Nazi izinzuzo ezisemqoka zokusebenzisa ukushintshwa okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo:

• Ukuphakelwa kwamandla okungaphazanyiswa: Ithuba eliyinhloko le-ATS likwazi ukuhlinzeka ngoguquko olungenamthungo phakathi kwemithombo yamandla, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi iyaqhubeka ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
• Ukuphepha okuthuthukile kanye nokwethenjwa: ATS zenzelwe ukuthembeka kakhulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla wesipele ayatholakala lapho kudingeka. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokulimala kwemishini kanye nezingozi zokuphepha ngenxa yokuphuma kwamandla.
• Izinga eliphakeme lokuzenzakalela: Ama-ATS asebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokungenelela komuntu, okunciphisa isikhathi sokuphendula ukuze aphelelwe amandla futhi anciphise ingozi yephutha lomuntu.
• Ububanzi: Ama-ATS wanamuhla angaphatha imithombo ehlukahlukene yamandla futhi afanele izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene, abenze ikhambi eliguquguqukayo lokuphathwa kwamandla.

Izingxenye zokushintsha okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo

Ukushintshwa okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo (ASS) kuyithuluzi eliyinkimbinkimbi elakhiwa izakhi ezimbalwa ezisemqoka ezisebenza ngokubambisana ukuqinisekisa ukuguqulwa komthungo phakathi kwemithombo yamandla aphansi neyisemuva. Ukuqonda lezi zinto kubalulekile ukuze uqonde ukuthi ama-ATS asebenza kanjani futhi kungani athembekile futhi aphumelela. Nazi izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-ATS:

• Isilawuli: Ubuchopho be-ATS, obubhekele ukuqapha ikhwalithi yamandla nokwenza izinqumo mayelana nokuthi uzoshintsha nini imithombo yamandla.
• Dlulisa indlela yokudlulisa: Izakhi ezibonakalayo ezinqamula umthombo wamandla oyinhloko futhi zixhume umthombo wesipele.
• Amandla Amandla: Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukwahlukanisa imithombo yamandla futhi ziqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile ngesikhathi senqubo yokudlulisa.
• Izinzwa: Amadivayisi abheka ama-voltage, imvamisa, namanye amapharamitha wekhwalithi yamandla.
• I-Override yesandla: Ivumela ukulawulwa kwesandla kwama-ATS uma kwenzeka kunesidingo esiphuthumayo noma isidingo sokulungisa.

Ukufakwa nokulungiswa

Ukufakwa okufanele kanye nokugcinwa njalo kwe-ATS kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwayo okuthembekile. Ukufakwa kufanele kwenziwe ngabaqeqeshiwe abakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukushintshwa kuhlanganiswe kahle ohlelweni lokuphathwa kwamandla. Ukulungiswa okujwayelekile, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa nokuhlola, kusiza ukukhomba izingqinamba ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zigxeke futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi ama-ATS asebenza kahle lapho edingeka.

Shintsha switchIngxenye ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okuqhubekayo kumasethingi ahlukahlukene. Amandla alo okuthola izingqinamba zamandla nokushintshela komthungo emthonjeni wesipele kwenza kubalulekelwe kwizicelo ezibucayi lapho isikhathi sokuphumula kungakhenzi khona. Ngentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, ama-ATS anamuhla anikezela ukusebenza okuthuthukile, ukuphepha, kanye nokwethenjwa, abenze ukuba batshale imali ebalulekile kubo bobabili abasebenzisi bokuhlala nabathengisayo.