Idethi:Dec-03-2024
Ama-Circuit Breaker Ekesi Elibunjiwe(ama-MCCB) amele intuthuko ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe bokuvikela ugesi, obusebenza njengamathuluzi okuphepha abalulekile ezinhlelweni zikagesi zesimanje. Lezi zigebengu eziyinkimbinkimbi zihlanganisa izindlela zokuvikela eziqinile nedizayini ehlangene, enikeza izivikelo ezibanzi ngokumelene namaphutha ahlukahlukene kagesi okuhlanganisa ukugcwala ngokweqile, amasekhethi amafushane, namaphutha aphansi. Evalelwe ezindlini ezihlala isikhathi eside, ezivalekile, ama-MCCB akhiwe ukuze anikeze ukuvikelwa kwesekethe okuthembekile kuyilapho kuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla okuphephile nokusebenza kahle ezakhiweni, izikhungo zezimboni, nezikhungo zezentengiselwano. Ukuguquguquka kwazo kuvumela ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso ngezilungiselelo zohambo ezilungisekayo, kuzenze zivumelane nezimfuneko ezihlukahlukene zikagesi nezimo zokulayisha. Ngokungafani nama-circuit breaker alula, ama-MCCB anikela ngezici ezithuthukisiwe ezifana namayunithi ohambo olushisayo ozibuthe noma we-elekthronikhi, amandla aphezulu okuphazamisa, nokuxhumana okungcono namanye amathuluzi okuvikela ohlelweni lukagesi. Lokhu kubenza babaluleke kakhulu ekufakweni kukagesi kwesimanje lapho ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla okuthembekile nokuvikelwa kwemishini kubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezidinga ama-currents asuka kuma-ampere ambalwa ukuya kuma-ampere ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa.
Ama-MCCB ahlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okuphelele ekugelezeni kwamanje okweqile ngohlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lokuvikela okukabili. Isici sokuvikela esishisayo sisebenzisa umucu we-bimetallic ophendula izimo zokugcwala ngokweqile ngokugoba lapho kushisa, okucupha indlela yokuphula. Ingxenye yokuvikela kazibuthe iphendula ngokushesha kumaza omjikelezo omfushane isebenzisa i-electromagnetic solenoid. Le ndlela embaxambili iqinisekisa kokubili ukuvikelwa kokugcwala kancane kancane kanye nokuvikela ngokushesha kwesifunda esifushane, ukuvikela amasistimu kagesi nezinto zokusebenza ekulimaleni okungaba khona. Izilungiselelo zohambo ezilungisekayo zivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi benze ngendlela oyifisayo amaleveli okuvikela ngokususelwe kuzimfuneko ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza, okuwenza asebenziseke ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ekufakweni kukagesi okuhlukahlukene.
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zama-MCCB izilungiselelo zawo zohambo ezilungisekayo, okuvumela ukulinganiswa okunembile kwemingcele yokuvikela. Abasebenzisi bangashintsha imikhawulo yohambo olushisayo nekazibuthe ukuze lufane nezidingo ezithile zomthwalo kanye nezidingo zokuhlanganisa. Lokhu kulungiswa kuhlanganisa izilungiselelo zokuvikela ukugcwala ngokweqile (imvamisa u-70-100% wamanje olinganiselwe), izilungiselelo zokuvikela isiyingi esifushane, futhi kwezinye izimo, izilungiselelo zokuvikela iphutha eliphansi. Ama-MCCB esimanje ngokuvamile afaka amayunithi ohambo lwe-elekthronikhi anikeza amakhono okulungisa anembe nakakhulu, okuhlanganisa ukubambezeleka kwesikhathi namazinga wokulandwa, okunika amandla ukusebenzisana okungcono namanye amadivaysi okuvikela ohlelweni lukagesi.
Ama-MCCB aklanywe ngamandla okuphazamisa aphezulu, akwazi ukuphula ngokuphephile ama-currents amaphutha izikhathi eziningi ukulinganisa kwawo okuzisholo. Lesi sici sibalulekile ekugcineni ukuphepha kwesistimu phakathi nezimo zamaphutha ezinzima. Amandla okuphazamisa angasukela ku-10kA kuye ku-200kA noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngemodeli nezidingo zohlelo. Amandla ophula umthetho okuphazamisa imisinga yamaphutha aphezulu ngaphandle kokulimala noma ingozi atholwa ngamakamelo okucisha i-arc athuthukile, izinto zokuxhumana, nezindlela zokusebenza. Lo mthamo omkhulu wokuphazamisa wenza ama-MCCB afaneleke kukho kokubili ukuvikelwa kwesekethe okuyinhloko kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile zesiyingi esincane lapho amaphutha angaba khona abalulekile.
Ukwakhiwa kwekesi elibunjiwe lama-MCCB kunikeza ukwahlukanisa okuhle kakhulu nokuvikela ezicini zemvelo. Impahla yezindlu evikela ukushisa nekagesi iqinisekisa ukuphepha komsebenzisi futhi ivikela izingxenye zangaphakathi othulini, umswakama, nokuchayeka kwamakhemikhali. Lokhu kwakhiwa okuqinile kwenza ama-MCCB afaneleke ezindaweni ezihlukene zokufakwa, kusukela kuzilungiselelo ezihlanzekile zasendlini kuye kwezinzima zezimboni. Izindlu futhi zihlanganisa izici ezifana nezilinganiso ze-IP zamaleveli ahlukene okuvikela imvelo kanye nezakhiwo ezivimbela amalangabi, okuqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokuphepha kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene.
Ama-MCCB ahlanganisa izinkomba ezicacile ezibukwayo ezibonisa isimo sokusebenza komephulaphuli, okufaka phakathi UKUVULIWE/UKUVALIWE, isimo sohambo, nenkomba yohlobo lwephutha. Lezi zinkomba zisiza izisebenzi ezinakekela isondlo ukuhlonza ngokushesha imbangela yohambo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenxa yokugcwala kakhulu, ukujikeleza okufushane, noma iphutha eliphansi. Amamodeli athuthukile angase ahlanganise izibonisi ze-LED noma ukufundwa kwedijithali okubonisa amaleveli amanje, umlando wephutha, nolunye ulwazi lokuxilonga. Lesi sici sithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokulungisa futhi sisiza ekuxazululeni izinkinga zikagesi, sinciphise isikhathi sokuphumula futhi sithuthukise ukwethembeka kwesistimu.
Ama-MCCB esimanje angahlonyiswa ngamadivaysi ahlukahlukene asizayo nezisekeli ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abathintwayo abasizayo bokuqapha isimo esikude, abathintwayo be-alamu ukuze bathole iphutha, uhambo lwe-shunt lokugibela ukude, nama-opharetha wezimoto ukuze asebenze akude. Lezi zinsiza zinika amandla ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokuphatha izakhiwo, izinhlelo ze-SCADA, nezinye izinkundla zokuqapha nokulawula. Idizayini ye-modular ivumela ukufakwa kalula kwalezi zinsiza, okwenza ama-MCCB avumelane nezimo ezidingekayo zokushintsha uhlelo kanye nezidingo ezizenzakalelayo.
Ama-MCCB athuthukile ahlanganisa imisebenzi yenkumbulo eshisayo elandelela isimo sokushisa samasekhethi avikelekile ngisho nangemva komcimbi wohambo. Lesi sici siqinisekisa ukuthi lapho ivalwa ngemva kohambo olushisayo, i-breaker ilandisa ngokushisa okusalayo kumjikelezo, ivimbela umonakalo ongaba khona kusukela ekuxhumekeni kabusha okusheshayo kusekethi esivele ishiselwe. Umsebenzi wenkumbulo eshisayo uthuthukisa ukunemba kokuvikela nokuphila isikhathi eside kwemishini ngokucabangela imiphumela eqongelelekayo yezimo eziningi zokugcwala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ama-MCCB esimanje ahlanganisa amayunithi ohambo lwe-elekthronikhi athuthukisa kakhulu amandla okuvikela nemisebenzi yokuqapha. Lawa mayunithi asuselwa ku-microprocessor ahlinzeka ngenzwa yamanje enembayo kanye nama-algorithms okuvikela athuthukile angahlelelwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Amayunithi ohambo lwe-elekthronikhi ahlinzeka ngezici ezifana nesilinganiso samanje se-RMS sangempela, ukuhlaziya okuvumelanayo, ukuqapha ikhwalithi yamandla, namandla okuloga idatha. Angabonisa amapharamitha kagesi esikhathi sangempela afaka amanje, amandla kagesi, isici samandla, nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Amamodeli athuthukile afaka izixhumanisi zokuxhumana zokuqapha nokulawula okukude, okuvumela ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zegridi ezihlakaniphile nezinkundla zokuphatha amandla. Amayunithi ohambo lwe-elekthronikhi futhi asiza ukugcinwa kokuvikela ngokuhlaziya okubikezelayo, ukuqapha ukuguga koxhumana nabo, nokunikeza isexwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi sezinkinga ezingaba khona, okuzenza zibe wusizo ezinhlelweni zesimanje zokusabalalisa amandla.
Ama-MCCB aklanywe ngamandla okuhlola akhelwe ngaphakathi avumela ukuhlolwa okuvamile ngaphandle kokukhipha isinqamuli kusevisi. Izinkinobho zokuhlola zinika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezindlela zohambo, kuyilapho amanye amamodeli afaka izimbobo zokuhlola zokuhlolwa komjovo wemisebenzi yokuvikela. Ama-MCCB e-elekthronikhi athuthukile angase ahlanganise izici zokuzihlola ezihlala ziqapha izingxenye zangaphakathi futhi zixwayise abasebenzisi ngezinkinga ezingaba khona. Lezi zici zokulungisa ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile futhi zisiza ukuvimbela ukwehluleka okungalindelekile ngokuhlolwa okuvamile nokugcinwa kokuvimbela.
Ama-MCCBszimelela inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe bokuvikela isekethe, ukuhlanganisa izindlela zokuvikela eziyinkimbinkimbi nokwakhiwa okuqinile nokusebenza okuhlukahlukene. Isethi yabo yesici esibanzi ibenza babaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zikagesi zesimanje, banikeze isivikelo esithembekile kumaphutha ahlukahlukene kagesi kuyilapho benikeza ukuguquguquka okudingekayo ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezilungiselelo ezilungisekayo, amandla aphezulu okuphazamisa, namandla okuqapha athuthukile kuqinisekisa ukuhlotshaniswa kokuvikela okuhle nokuthembeka kwesistimu. Ngokungezwa kwezinsizakusebenza namandla okuxhumana, ama-MCCB ayaqhubeka nokuvela, ahlangabezana nezidingo ezikhulayo zezinhlelo zesimanje zokusabalalisa amandla kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwakha obuhlakaniphile. Indima yabo ekuphepheni kukagesi nasekuvikeleni uhlelo ibenza babe ingxenye ebalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kokufakwa kukagesi kuyo yonke imikhakha, kusukela ezikhungweni zezimboni kuya ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano nengqalasizinda ebalulekile.
Xhumana nathi
