I-Solar Surge Protectors: I-Vital for PV System Longevity and Relibility

Ezweni elikhula ngokushesha lamandla elanga, ukuvikela amasistimu e-photovoltaic ekuhlinzekweni kukagesi kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside nokwethembeka.Izivikeli zokushisa kwelanga(ama-SPD) angamadivayisi abalulekile aklanyelwe ukuvikela ukufakwa kwamandla elanga ekuphakameni kwamandla kagesi okungaba namandla okubangelwa ukushaywa kombani, ukushintshashintsha kwegridi, nokunye ukuphazamiseka kukagesi. Lezi zixhobo eziyinkimbinkimbi zisebenza njengabanakekeli ababalulekile bengqalasizinda yelanga, zibamba futhi ziqondise kabusha amandla kagesi ayingozi kude namaphaneli elanga azwelayo, ama-inverter, nezinye izingxenye zesistimu. Ngokuhlinzeka ngendlela yokuzivikela eqinile, abavikeli abahlinzayo abavimbi nje kuphela ukulimala kwemishini kodwa futhi baqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo nokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zamandla elanga. Ukubaluleka kwabo akukwazi ukweqiwa kukho kokubili ukufakwa kwelanga okuhlala kanye nokuhweba, lapho ngisho nokuhlinzwa okukodwa kungaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezimali kanye nokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwesistimu.

Njengoba ukufakwa kwe-solar kubhekene nenqwaba yezingozi zikagesi, okuhlanganisa ukushaywa kombani nokushintshashintsha kwegridi, isidingo sokuvikela okuqinile siba semqoka. Manje, ake sihlole izici zabavikeli bokukhanya kwelanga ezibenza babaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni izinhlelo ze-PV.

High Voltage Protection Range

Izivikeli ze-solar surge zenzelwe ukuphatha inqwaba yama-voltage surges. I1000V DCisilinganiso sibonisa ukuvikeleka okuqinile kwezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic, ezikwazi ukulawula ukuhamba okubalulekile kukagesi. Lo mkhawulo wamandla kagesi aphezulu usho ukuthi idivayisi ingakwazi ukumunca futhi ikhiphe amandla ngokuzumayo kuma-spikes kagesi, ivimbele ukulimala kwezinto zokusebenza zelanga ezixhunyiwe. Ibanga lokuvikela livamise ukumboza izimo ukusuka ekuguquguqukeni okuncane kwegridi ukuya ekukhuphukeni okunamandla okubangelwa umbani, okuqinisekisa ukuvikela okuphelele kwakho konke ukufakwa kwelanga.

Isibali Esithuthukisiwe Sokuhlinza Nezinkomba Zokugqoka

Izivikeli ezithuthukisiwe zokuhlinza elanga manje zifaka izinto zokubala zokuhlinza ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezilandelela inani lezehlakalo zikagesi idivayisi eye yanciphisa ngempumelelo. Lesi sici sinikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwedivayisi namandla asele okuvikela. Ngokuqapha izehlakalo zokuhlinza ezikhulayo, abasebenzisi kanye nochwepheshe bangahlola impilo yomvikeli wokuhlinzwa futhi banqume ukuthi ukushintshwa kungase kudingeke nini. Amanye amamodeli ayinkimbinkimbi afaka izinkomba ze-LED noma izibonisi zedijithali ezimelela ngokubukeka isimo sokuguga sedivayisi, enikeza ukuqonda okucacile, nokubuka nje kwesimo somvikeli wokuhlinza. Le ndlela esobala isiza abanikazi besistimu yelanga ukuphatha ngokuqhubekayo ingqalasizinda yabo yokuvikela ugesi, baqinisekise ukusebenza okuqhubekayo nokuthembekile kokufakwa kwabo kwe-photovoltaic.

Amandla Okukhipha Okuthuthukile

Ngomthamo omangalisayo wokukhipha u-15kA, laba bavikeli abahlinzayo babonisa ukusebenza okumangalisayo ekulawuleni ukuhlinza kukagesi okukhulu. Lesi silinganiso sokukhishwa okuphezulu sisho ukuthi idivayisi ingaphatha amazinga amakhulu wamandla ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ubuqotho bayo bokusebenza. Umthamo we-15kA umele isivikelo esibalulekile ezenzakalweni ezimbi kakhulu zikagesi, okuhlinzeka abanikazi besistimu sonozungezilanga ukuzethemba ukuthi amathuluzi abo ahlala evikelekile ngisho nalapho ugesi uphazamiseka kakhulu. Lesi sici sibaluleke kakhulu ezifundeni ezivamise ukushaywa umbani noma ezinengqalasizinda kagesi engazinzile.

Ukuvikelwa Kwemodi Ekabili (DC ne-AC)

Enye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zezivikeli zesimanje zokukhanya kwelanga yikhono lazo lokunikeza ukuvikeleka kuwo wonke amasekhethi amanje aqondile (DC) kanye namasekhethi ashintshayo amanje (AC). Lokhu kuvikelwa kwemodi ekabili kuqinisekisa ukumbozwa okuphelele kulo lonke uhlelo lwamandla elanga, kusukela kumaphaneli elanga kuya kuma-inverter kanye nezindawo zokuxhuma igridi. Ngokubhekana nezingozi ezingase zibe khona kuzo zombili izizinda ze-DC ne-AC, lawa madivayisi anikeza ukuvikelwa okuphelele okunciphisa ubungozi futhi kunciphise ingcuphe yokulimala kukagesi kusistimu yonke.

Idizayini ye-Modular ne-Scalable

Izivikeli ze-solar surge ziya ngokuya zidizayinwa nge-modularity no-scalability engqondweni. Le ndlela emisha ivumela ukunwetshwa okulula nokuzivumelanisa nezimo zezinhlelo zokuvikela njengoba ukufakwa kwelanga kukhula noma kuguquka. Imiklamo ye-modular inika amandla abasebenzisi ukuthi bangeze noma bashintshe amayunithi okuvikela angawodwana ngaphandle kokuphazamisa lonke uhlelo, enikeza ukuguquguquka kwakho kokubili ukusethwa kwezindawo zokuhlala ezincane kanye nezinhlelo ezinkulu zelanga zezentengiselwano. Imvelo enwebekayo isho ukuthi ukuvikelwa kokukhuphuka kungavunyelaniswa ngokunembile nezidingo ezithile zokulungiselelwa okuhlukile kwamandla elanga, ukuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka okuphelele kubo bonke osayizi besistimu nobunkimbinkimbi abahlukahlukene.

Amakhono Okuxilonga Ahlakaniphile Nokuqapha

Isizukulwane sakamuva sabavikeli be-solar surge sihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokuxilonga nokuqapha. Lawa masistimu ahlakaniphile angahlinzeka ngedatha yesikhathi sangempela mayelana nokusebenza komvikeli ohlinzayo, okuhlanganisa amazinga okumunca amandla, amandla asele okuvikela, kanye nezinkomba ezingaba khona zokuwohloka. Abavikeli abaningi besimanje bangahlanganiswa nezinkundla zokuqapha ezihlakaniphile, okuvumela ukufinyelela okukude kumamethrikhi okusebenza ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone noma izixhumanisi zewebhu. Le ntuthuko yobuchwepheshe inika amandla ukunakekelwa okuqinile, isiza ukubikezela amaphuzu okungase kube ukwehluleka, futhi inikeza abasebenzisi imininingwane ebanzi mayelana nesimo sokuvikela ugesi wesistimu sonozungezilanga.

Ukwakhiwa Okuqinile Kwezobuchwepheshe

Izivikeli zokushisa kwelangazakhiwe kusetshenziswa izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezisezingeni eliphezulu eziklanyelwe ukumelana nezimo zemvelo ezinzima. Ivamise ukufaka ubuchwepheshe be-metal-oxide varistor (MOV) noma izindlela ze-gas discharge tube (GDT), lawa madivayisi angasabela ngokushesha ekukhuphukeni kwamandla kagesi, enze izindlela ezimelana kancane eziya phansi eziqondisa kabusha amandla kagesi ayingozi. Ukwakhiwa okuqinile kuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesikhathi eside, ngezivikeli eziningi zekhwalithi ephezulu eziklanyelwe ukusebenza ngempumelelo iminyaka eminingana ngaphandle kokuwohloka kokusebenza okuphawulekayo.

Isikhathi Sokuphendula Ngokushesha

Isivinini sibalulekile ekuvikelweni kokuhlinzwa, futhi lawa madivayisi akhelwe impendulo eseduze ngokushesha. Abavikeli besimanje bokuhlinza kwelanga bangakwazi ukubona futhi basabele ekukhuphukeni kwamandla kagesi kuma-nanosecond, kuvimbele ngempumelelo umonakalo ongaba khona ngaphambi kokuba wenzeke. Lesi sikhathi sokuphendula esishesha kakhulu sibalulekile ekuvikeleni izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezibucayi njengeziguquli zelanga namasistimu okuqapha. Ikhono lokuphambukisa ngokushesha amandla kagesi amaningi kunciphisa ubungozi bokulimala unomphela kwemishini futhi liqinisekise ukuqhubeka kwesistimu.

Amazinga Okushisa Nokuqina Kwemvelo

Ukufakwa kwe-solar kuvame ukuba khona ezindaweni eziyinselele, kusukela ezingwadule ezishisayo kuya ezindaweni ezishisayo ezishisayo. Izivikeli zokuhlinza zekhwalithi ephezulu zenzelwe ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa okubanzi, ngokuvamile zisebenza ngempumelelo phakathi kuka -40°C kuya +85°C. Ukwengeza, afaka izivalo eziqinile ezivikela othulini, umswakama, nemisebe ye-UV. Lokhu kuqina kwemvelo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquguquki kuzo zonke izindawo ezihlukene zezwe nezimo zezulu, okuzenza zifanelekele ukuthunyelwa kwelanga emhlabeni jikelele.

Ukufaka Easy and Maintenance

Izivikeli zesimanje ze-solar surge zenzelwe ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile ezinhlelweni ezikhona zamandla elanga. Ngokuvamile zifaka ukulungiselelwa kokukhweza okujwayelekile okuhambisana nemiklamo eminingi yokufaka ilanga. Amamodeli amaningi afaka izinkomba ezibonakalayo noma izici zokuxilonga ezisiza ochwepheshe bahlole ngokushesha isimo sokusebenza kwedivayisi. Ezinye izinguqulo ezithuthukisiwe zize zinikeze ngamakhono okuqapha okude, okuvumela abanikazi besistimu ukuthi balandelele ukusebenza kokuvikelwa kokuhlinzwa futhi bathole izexwayiso mayelana nezinkinga ezingaba khona.

Ukuhambisana Namazinga Omhlaba

Abavikeli be-solar abahlonishwayo bahlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zokuphepha nokusebenza kwamazwe ngamazwe. Izitifiketi ezivela ezinhlanganweni ezifana ne-IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), UL (Underwriters Laboratories), kanye ne-IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) ziqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokuthembeka kwazo. Lezi zitifiketi ziqinisekisa ukuthi abavikeli bokuhlinzwa baye bahlolwa kakhulu futhi bahlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zokuphepha kukagesi, ukusebenza, nokuqina. Ukuthobelana nalawa mazinga kunikeza abasebenzisi ukuzethemba okwengeziwe ekutshalweni kwabo kwezimali zokuvikela ilanga.

Isiphetho

Izivikeli zokushisa kwelangaimele utshalomali olubalulekile ekuvikeleni ingqalasizinda yamandla elanga. Ngokunikeza ukuzivikela okuphelele ngokumelene nokwenyuka kukagesi, lezi zixhobo ziqinisekisa ukuphila isikhathi eside, ukwethembeka, nokusebenza kwezinhlelo zamandla elanga. Izici zabo ezithuthukisiwe zobuchwepheshe, ezihlanganiswe nokwakhiwa okuqinile kanye nezindlela zokuphendula ngokushesha, zibenza babe ingxenye ebalulekile yokufakwa kwe-photovoltaic yesimanje. Njengoba amandla elanga eqhubeka nokukhula emhlabeni jikelele, indima yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kwezinga eliphezulu iba ngobaluleke kakhulu, ukuvikela ukutshalwa kwezimali okubalulekile okwenziwa kungqalasizinda yamandla avuselelekayo.